杨宁 发表于 2020-6-13 14:25:11

李克强主持 中央机构"大部委"制势在必行

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 27.75pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">李克强主持 中央机构<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>大部委<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>制势在必行<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.75pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2007</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.75pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>日<SPAN lang=EN-US> 15:31</SPAN>大洋网</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">【<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="javascript:zoomDoc(16);"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>大</SPAN></SPAN></A> <A href="javascript:zoomDoc(14);"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>中</SPAN></SPAN></A> <A href="javascript:zoomDoc(12);"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>小</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>】<SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</SPAN>【<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://news.ifeng.com/mainland/200712/1217_17_334536.shtml##"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>打印</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>】<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">中共十七大闭幕之后,中国政体改革逐渐清晰,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">大部委制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">呼之欲出。政情人士日前指出,未来中国政府机构改革将逐步向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">宽职能、少机构</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">的方向发展,国务院所属机构中的一些部门将进一步整合。据悉,目前在中央领导层面主持</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">大部委制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">改革的,是新任政治局常委李克强。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">香港《文汇报》报道,据消息人士透露,国务院将成立能源部,整合国家发改委、国资委、国土资源部、水利部、电监委中有关能源的职能,以及统领中石油、中石化、中海油、国家电网等国有能源巨头。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">政情人士表示,遵照</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">循序渐进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">原则,此次政体改革将首先</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">让一部分部门先动起来</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">。事实上</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2003</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年国家设立商务部,将原外经贸部、国内贸易部以及原国家计委、国家经贸委的部分职能整合组建,可谓此番机构改革先声。而在十七大后,随着能源法明年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">月份将正式出台,能源部的身影也已渐渐清晰。有消息称,国家将成立能源部,整合国家发改委、国资委、国土资源部、水利部、电监委中有关能源的职能,以及统领中石油、中石化、中海油、国家电网等国有能源巨头。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">推进机构改革</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">中央高度关切</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">就最近一段时期坊间已悄然流传中国将设立能源部的消息,中国传媒也曾报道指出,关于能源部的设立,目前已进入机构编制和职能调研阶段。有关专家表示,假如能源部能够设立,预示着中国政府新一轮机构改革将在明年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">月大换届时铺开,同时也预示着新一轮机构改革将加大改革力度,去除现在机构重重叠叠、职责不清的毛病,采取</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">大部门有效管理体制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">政情人士指出,明年是全面深化行政改革的重要一年。中共十七大报告已明确指出,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">深化行政体制改革是深化改革的重要环节</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">。刚刚结束的中央经济工作会议,也对明年全面深化改革作出部署,其中第一条便是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">深化政府机构改革,加快转变政府职能</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">。中国专家据此表示,把政府机构改革提到如此重要的地位,透露出中央对推进中国政治建设进程的高度关切。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">权力如何制衡</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">成改革焦点</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">目前,对于大部制的构建,有很多问题并没有解决,其中怎样平衡制定决策、执行和监督三权,是大部制改革所面临的最大问题。如果由原来的几部委组成新部门,权力和财力势必更加集中,怎样防止因权力过度集中而产生的腐败问题,成为影响大部制改革顺利实施的一大关键因素。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">为此,有学者提出,避免方法有多种,一是在部与部之间,让有些部专门行使决策权,有些部专门行使执行权,有些部专门行使监督权。二是在大部制内部给机构分工:有些机构专门行使决策权,有些机构专门行使执行权,有些机构专门行使监督权。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">但有专家认为这些方法仍存在不妥之处,即如果成立一个独立行使监督权的机构,相对于合并后的大部制来说,此机构的监督能力必须超过一般意义上的监督机构,而对于这样一个强力的组织要怎样组合,又以什么样的形式出现亦是难题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">部委合并官位精简不可免</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">中国媒体早前预测,在明年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">月的国务院机构改革中,能源部的成立几乎已成定论,目前尚存的争议主要集中在能源部的职能范围。而大交通、大国土建设、大农业、大文化等体制的建立,亦或正在研究中,并非没有可能。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">对此,中央党校研究室副主任周天勇教授认为,国务院机构最理想的改革方案是除了外交部、国防部、安全部、公安部等,其它部委逐步向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">大部门制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">过渡。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">周天勇亦建议,为强化改革的统筹协调,打破部门利益格局,应重建国家体制改革委员会,继续整合国家发展和改革委员会、国有资产管理委员会;此外,还可新设总理预算管理办公室,以强化预算编制的科学性和协调性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">国家发改委经济体制综合改革司司长孔泾源不久前表示,缩小机构、精简人员,是解决政府管理体制的必要措施。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">在不久将到来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">大部制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">改革中,必定要有一部分人为此而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">牺牲</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">官位。如交通部、铁道部和民航总局一旦合并,至少正部长就要减少</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">个。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">多部委</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">联合施政</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">不利问责</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">中国专家指出,能源部的设立有多方面理由,能源管理体制至少涉及石油、煤炭、电力三大领域。目前管理体制的弊端主要有两方面:其一是高高在上,难以管好。目前的管理体制,上面有一个国务院总理挂帅的国家能源办,但管理的实体是在国家发改委内设的能源局,能源局下设的能源处,才十个人,却要主管整个中国的能源。其二是能源管理多头并举。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">高高在上难管</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">多头并举低效</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">如石油和煤炭的管理比较分散,而电力管理则十分严密,有国家电力监管委员会、国家发改委、国资委三大部门在管,上面还有国家电力体制改革领导小组统筹。但这样一来,谁都在管,谁都管不好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">专家强调,类似能源领域的问题,在中国行政架构中的多个领域都存在。长期以来难以管好的食品安全领域,就是因为有卫生部、农业部、工商总局、质检总局、食品药品监管总局等部门多头管理,至今职责不清。而文化领域,不算上面的中央宣传部,下面还有五、六个如文化部、广电局、新闻出版总署、版权局、文物局等部门,职责也不易分清。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">改革知易行难</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">倡导逐个击破</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">在过去,不论是宏观调控,还是各类专项行动,行政管理上都是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">轰轰烈烈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">,动辄八、九个部门,甚至十多个部门</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">联合下文</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">联合行动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">,看上去各部门积极性都甚高,而实际上是一轰而起,互相推诿,谁都不负责。宏观调控多方失利,与此也有关联。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">专家指出,今天的中国,除中央与地方、大型国企之间错综复杂的关系外,已形成庞大的利益团体,机构大分拆、重组,势将因利益分配带来强大反弹。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 18.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">这种重大的改革,知易行难,可能要各个击破,分段而行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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