杨宁 发表于 2020-6-14 17:14:12

对胡锦涛先生宗教讲话的解读

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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; COLOR: #8a0000; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">高人:宗教问题门外五谈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>宗教是人世间最为复杂的社会现象之一,这就决定了它是一个很难说清楚的话题。在中国,对外,它涉及了与其他国家及其民族之间的关系;对内,它还是一个十分敏感的政治问题和棘手的统战工作。有鉴于此,加上素无研究,又是无神论者,我就抱着少说为佳的态度。但意在学习地搜阅了选治网上宗教专题的文章后,却又忍不住地凭着直觉无知妄说上几句外行的话。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">月<SPAN lang=EN-US>18</SPAN>日下午,新一届中共中央政治局第二次集体学习,内容是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>当代世界宗教和加强我国宗教工作<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,胡锦涛总书记发表了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>积极主动做好宗教工作<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的重要讲话。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倘若以为这表明<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>中共高层愿意适当放开宗教活动和管理<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,并据此主张<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>首先重点弘扬、扶持具有东方特色的佛教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,认为这样<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>有助价值重建和扶正祛邪<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>(见邱震海先生《重视宗教和道德重建已迫在眉睫》),似是不合<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>特色国情<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的误读。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">揣摩媒体的报道,学习和讲话的重点当在应对宗教难题,而不是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>放开<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,因此<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>弘扬扶持<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的主张也就失了依据。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">理由有二。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>和平与发展<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>虽说是当今世界的主流,但局面其实比两次大战以及两大阵营对峙时还要错综复杂,矛盾丛生争夺激烈,恐怖狼烟四处点燃,扰得全球风声鹤戾人心惶惶防不胜防,隐含着深刻的政治经济领土资源文化信仰种族还有宗教冲突的背景。苏联解体,东欧易帜,美国坐大称霸,纠集反华势力,围堵打压中国无所不用其极,利用宗教就是手段之一,诸如容留邪教头目,以宗教名义礼遇达赖鼓励支持藏独,梵蒂冈罗马教廷试图通过操控中国教区主教任命以渗透等都是。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国内政情,则因文革破产造成偶像还俗信仰缺失物欲横流世风日下道德沦丧,改革开放又导致西风东渐引发贫富不均贪腐肆虐民怨沸腾,富人精神空虚,穷人心恢意冷,空洞说教无济于事,有人就到宗教中或找寄托或寻安慰,因此出现了新教民数量剧增,特别是邪教乘虚而入并一度猖獗这些绝非中共所乐见的情况<SPAN lang=EN-US>——2006</SPAN>年国庆节,我回旅顺老家一游,得知两个远房的弟妹,一个信佛,吃素,念经,施舍,修行,与丈夫分房,并影响了一子一女也跟着荤腥不沾,害得丈夫为了解馋只能到外面吃肉。另一个信了耶稣,十分虔诚,在欢迎我的饭桌上,就大谈特谈起基督来,竟然劝说我也入教。见我颇感吃惊,她的丈夫、还不是教民的堂弟告诉我说,家乡信教的人愈来愈多,不光是百姓,也有党员和干部,村里还集资建了一座小教堂。一座小城一个小村如此,全国情况可想而知。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国面对的宗教问题和挑战肯定比我说的这些要多<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>事情既然都摆上了中央的桌面,已经说明了问题的严重。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">由于中共立党是以坚持唯物反对唯心为宗旨,以宣传无神论批判有神论为己任,所以既不提倡更不鼓励人们信奉宗教乃是顺理成章。更何况宗教思潮的涌动,悖于先进文化的前进方向,更是对指导思想的冲击,对执政基础的动摇,对国家安全的威胁。但宪法给了公民信仰宗教的自由,非共产党员共青团员信教又<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>是私人的事情<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,面对这个不可小觑的社会群体,强行禁止非但事与愿违,还会给人以攻讦的把柄,因此,内紧外松的控制与因势利导,无疑是应对的上策。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">其实,这种态度,从<SPAN lang=EN-US>2006</SPAN>年中国国家宗教局局长、中华宗教协会会长叶小文在首届<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>世界佛教论坛<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>召开前发表的讲话就可以看出端倪。他说,佛教的和谐思想与当前构建和谐社会的目标相一致,佛教的和平理念有助于缓和人与自然、人与人之间的关系。他还说尤其是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>中国经济发展迅速,在与社会财富有关的人与人之间的关系趋于紧张的情况下,佛教可以引导信徒调整心态,以平静和理智对待身外事,所以宗教力量是中国借助的重要社会力量之一<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>云云。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二是宗教是社会人文的客观存在:历史长久<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>基督教产生于公元一世纪,伊斯兰教产生于公元五世纪,佛教最早,产生于公元前六世纪;信徒众多<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>全世界基督教徒大约<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>亿人,伊斯兰教徒<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>亿人,佛教徒<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>亿多人;且不分国界,不分民族,不分阶层<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>美国总统宣誓就职手按《圣经》是在向上帝承诺忠于职守就象文革中<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>向毛主席保证<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的发誓,小布什来华访问曾特意到教堂做礼拜,叶利钦葬礼由东正教圣教公会的大主教主持安魂弥撒,大科学家牛顿、爱因斯坦也都是教徒。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对宗教,马克思固然说过<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>宗教是人民的鸦片<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,但他和恩格斯以及后来的列宁,在科学阐述宗教产生、发展和消亡规律的同时,都反对用强力禁止宗教的错误做法。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在我国,尽管早在<SPAN lang=EN-US>1950</SPAN>年基督教和天主教就自立门户<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>自立、自养、自传<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与教廷一刀两断,但随着其后政治路线的日见其<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>左<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,宗教还是成了历次运动的重点,宗教界上层或被疑为敌特、教民则因不信<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>大救星<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>信上帝而被整肃,文革中教堂寺庙道观被视为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>四旧<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>毁坏无算,因而使得国人对所有宗教都采取了明哲保身敬而远之避之惟恐不及的态度,各级党政官员对宗教则更是抱着职业的傲慢与偏见,有着本能的警觉和反映<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>就在去年的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>两会<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>上,还有议员提出<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>用中国的儒释道来对抗西方宗教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>这样天真的议案,并自认为这一<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>建言献策<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>是对两会的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>贡献<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">因此,对学习和讲话,还应当视为中共高层对全党的号召和要求,意在提高他们科学认识从而妥善处理宗教问题的执政能力,以维持社会的安定和谐。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以上是我对学习和讲话的理解。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在谈<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>弘扬扶持佛教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>之前,先分析一下上述<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>对抗<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>议案的是与非,或许有助于佛家所谓之<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>觉悟<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>弘扬扶持<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>说的不合时宜与一厢情愿。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对抗说存在三个误区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、缺乏对人类文化发展规律的正确认识。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">人类文化的发展有两个特点,一是同世界上的万事万物一样<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>也受<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>物竞天择优胜劣汰适者生存<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>规律的支配<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>因而每种文化自身都具有新陈代谢的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>自净<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>机制,与时俱进地不断吐故纳新以维持生存延续生命,否则只有自生自灭;二是各种文化之间的关系,是碰撞、交流、融合、互补的过程而绝不是单纯的对抗和排斥。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这类事例举不胜举。远的如赵武灵王的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>胡服骑射<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,近的如对满族文化的汲取。满族的进关入主华夏,无疑是对汉族的侵略,但客观上也促进了满汉两种文化的互相交流、学习、借鉴和融合。比如旗袍,本是满族妇女的装束,后来被汉族妇女<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>拿来<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>并做了改进<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>掐腰开衩以突出女性的曲线,成为中国妇女的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>国服<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。还有北京人爱吃的灌肠是满人炸鹿尾的变种,面茶本是满族和蒙族的食品,人死后烧掉衣物也是游牧民族的特点,等等。至于中国从外国拿来的东西就更多,从马列主义到抽水马桶,包罗万象,数不胜数。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对抗只有百害而无一利,拒绝另类文明的养分受害的是自己。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">再者,对抗并不等于爱国,对抗发展到极端,就成了和团的炮打西什库,文革中火烧英国代办处的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>排外<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中华民族的文化与文明,正是靠了上述两条才得以绵延五千年而不绝不断,尤其是后者竟给了地质学家李四光以外族的入侵好象给中国换了血和打了强心剂的印象。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">其实,对抗说本身就是偽命题。因为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒释道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>中的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,在经过了五四的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>打倒孔家店<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和文革的痛批<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>孔二仙<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,早已不成其为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,如今又被重新拾起但改称了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>国学<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,拿<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>学<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>对抗,就象<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>关公战秦琼<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>一样的荒谬。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、对中国宗教的高估。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">退一步说,即使硬让中外宗教来个对抗,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒释道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>也只能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>安内<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>不能<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>攘外<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国传统文化不敌西方已是为近代历史所证实了的不争事实。单以宗教而论,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>本是儒家君臣父子忠孝节义修身养性之类陈腐的道德说教,被后来的统治者先树为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>道统<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>再立为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>国教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,用它来愚弄臣民还绰绰有余,但用它来<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>向鬼子们的头上砍去<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,无疑是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>秀才遇到兵<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>教,是正宗国产的宗教,生于东汉,盛于唐宋,衰于明清,解放前夕人数剩到不过两万多人,张天师创建时即以画符念咒的巫术招收徒众,主张清静无为,崇尚神仙,炼丹修道,一心想着<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>飞升<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>释<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>指中国佛教,从根子上说,并不是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>中国制造<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,而是古印度的释迦牟尼所创佛教进口到中国来的泊来品,被嫁接上了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的基因,涂上了中国特色<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>忍,让,恕,不怒,无争,行善,和为贵,犯而不校,寄希望于来世<SPAN lang=EN-US>……<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">有道是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>知己知彼,百战不殆<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,对抗论者显然并不知己。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">滑稽的是,用<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒释道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>组合拳三打一地合力对付西方宗教,本身就底气不足,还没交手就承认了中国宗教的力不从心。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、无视历史经验。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">需要明确的是,伊斯兰教是源于东方的宗教,因此,所谓对抗西方宗教,是指对抗基督教而言。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">毛泽东说<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>历史的经验值得注意。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">古希腊哲学与基督教,是西方文明的两大源头,孕育了科学与民主的理念,该教主要为欧美发达国家所信奉。历史已经证明,用中国的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒释道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>与它对抗,只是眼高手低的空想。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">拿中华民族与犹太民族做个比较最能说明问题。二者都是世界上的两个伟大民族,两千多年来,犹太民族甚至遭受了比中华民族更多更大的苦难,流离失所,饱受迫害。但希伯莱人创造了上帝而不是上帝创造了世界,并虔诚地对他顶礼膜拜,他们借助上帝之口宣扬的宗教文化,为全犹太民族所信奉。正是凭借着这种宗教文化,才把分散于世界各地的<SPAN lang=EN-US>1400</SPAN>万犹太人紧密凝聚在一起,为生存奋争,并在它的浸润下,犹太人在政治、经济、哲学、思想、科学、文化、艺术等几乎所有领域,取得辉煌成就,对全人类做出了杰出贡献。马克思、弗洛伊德,爱因斯坦、洛克菲勒、毕加索、门德尔松、海涅、基辛格<SPAN lang=EN-US>……</SPAN>这些天才的群星,在人类历史的长河中将永远闪烁着璀璨的光芒。但中国呢?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">再拿眼前的事例来说。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2008</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年新年,英国圣公会坎特伯雷大主教发表文告,呼吁环保,说<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>神不会浪费<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,不会对东西采取<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>用完即弃<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的态度,并把这一理念引伸到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>神也不会放弃任何一个人<SPAN lang=EN-US>”——</SPAN>体现的是在上帝面前的人人平等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">而以<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>夜半钟声到客船<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>闻名天下的苏州寒山寺,新年撞钟的价格惊人,令百姓望而却步<SPAN lang=EN-US>——“</SPAN>众生平等<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>变成了在金钱面前的人人不等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">试问,两种作法哪个富有人性而让人乐于接受?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以上,本是中学生都懂得的历史常识,连这些都不清楚就奢言<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>对抗<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,抵制,显然是无知妄说,国之<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>正事<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>怎能这样议法?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">三<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">现在谈<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>弘扬扶持佛教<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">扶强不扶弱<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>是中医学用药的要义,中国的佛教可谓积弱难<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>扶<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">任何宗教都有它独有的教义、戒律、经典、活动和组织等,现据此对三大宗教作一比较。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">基督教中的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>基督<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>指耶稣,是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>救世主<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的意思。该教的教义是只信奉上帝耶和华,主张原罪说,认为人生而有罪,所以要不断赎罪,死后才能升入天堂,否则就下地狱。其经典是《圣经》,分《新约》和《旧约》两个部分,其中有耶和华向摩西宣示的众人应当遵行的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>十戒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,包括敬父母,不杀人,不偷盗,不奸淫,不伪证,不贪财等普世的道德规范。教皇为最高权威,下设各级各类神职人员,教徒须受洗礼,并做祈祷和礼拜,圣诞节、复活节为该教重大节日。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">伊斯兰教信奉真主<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>安拉<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,认创始人穆罕默德为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>先知<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,是真主安拉的使者。<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>伊斯兰<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>乃阿拉伯语的音译,它的语义<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>和平,顺从<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>就是该教教义。《古兰经》为该教经典,共<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>卷,<SPAN lang=EN-US>114</SPAN>章,<SPAN lang=EN-US>6000</SPAN>多节经文,其中也有对教徒的道德要求,如孝敬双亲,怜恤孤贫,禁止淫乱等。教徒要反复颂读经文,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>古兰<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>就是颂读的意思。在行为上,信徒要不断念诵对真主和先知的信仰,每天都要朝圣城沙特阿拉伯麦加方向跪坐,祈祷,颂经,只要条件允许,信徒一生一定要去麦加朝觐一次。有开斋节和古尔邦节等重大节日。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">至于佛教,自传入中国后就走了样,佛陀变成了神仙,信仰变成了迷信,派系又多,神仙就杂,使中国成为一个泛神的国度。至于经书,当然有,而且多到看不过来,就连佛门的高僧,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>皓首<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>也未必能够<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>穷经<SPAN lang=EN-US>”——</SPAN>隋朝把佛教作为国教,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>民间佛经,多于儒经数十倍<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>;唐朝仅开元时译出的佛经就多达<SPAN lang=EN-US>5000</SPAN>多卷;现在古刹名寺的藏经楼所摆放的,都是束之高阁的尘封经卷。说到教义,信奉的庶民大多说不出个子丑寅卯,只会说些因果报应,生死轮回,今生行善以修得来世,<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>苦海无边,回头是岸<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>之类的话,有几人能说清<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>四谛<SPAN lang=EN-US>”“</SPAN>十二因缘<SPAN lang=EN-US>”“</SPAN>三界<SPAN lang=EN-US>”“</SPAN>六道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>等基本观点?佛诞节和涅槃节分别是在哪天?能背出几段经文?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">究其原因,与基督教和伊斯兰教相比,佛教经卷固然汗牛充栋博大精深,但这也正是它的缺点<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>门派太杂,没有如《圣经》和《古兰经》那样通俗易懂,便于随身携带、念诵的统一经书,因此影响了它的传播。佛教的宗教仪式,活动和节日也仅限于遁入空门的僧尼,自囿于寺庙尼庵之中和佛教协会一类组织的狭小圈内,缺乏向外拓展的张力,因而日见萎缩,三大宗教信徒数量的差距就是最有力的证明。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">相比较而言,在中国佛教的众多门派中,只有藏传佛教自成体系,还算规范,教徒也是虔诚得到家<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>有一年我游峨眉山,亲眼见藏民是从山脚一步一步<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>匍匐前进<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>着到半山腰的万年寺拜佛的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以上就是中国佛教以及众多所谓<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>佛教徒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的历史与现状,反映出我国宗教文化的落后。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">疲弱如此,怎样弘扬,如何扶持?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">四<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上面所说佛教自身的弱点还是其次,功利与迷信,才是它难以弘扬和扶持的关键。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">抗战其间,丰子恺举家远走上海避乱,家中的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>缘缘堂<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>被日寇飞机炸毁,其姑母大叹<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>佛无灵<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,丰却认为这是同佛做买卖的心理使然。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这正是大多数国人对待宗教的态度。许多国人逢庙烧香,见佛磕头,无非是为了消灾、免祸、升官、发财、中举,成婚,得子,长寿,完全是一种对神的投资与神的交易。每年正月初一天还不亮,北京雍和宫就已经是人山人海,一开门,人们发疯也似地一拥而入去求符(福),以期占得一年的好运。与此同时,到山西五台山进香祈求佛庇佑,还有发了大财前来还愿的善男信女,队伍排出了几公里远,他们中的有些人除夕夜就是在汽车上熬过。至于陕西商州区委书记张改萍,卖官受贿<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>多万,为求平安,每日烧香拜佛,布施给寺庙的钱高达几十万元之多,获刑<SPAN lang=EN-US>13</SPAN>年,则完全是对佛的亵渎。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">还有,前面已说,中国是个泛神的国家,表现在人们各有各的所信与所奉。之所以如此,或是某一神灵曾经给他带来过好运因而把它当做了命运的保护神,或是他有所企求因此对号入座地选择了专司某事的神灵。改革开放以来,人们普遍信奉的是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>大慈大悲,救苦救难<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的观世音,避邪驱鬼镇妖的关公,升官发财长寿的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>福禄寿<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,都是降福驱灾的神祗。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">再拿进香的善男信女来说,他们在跪拜时还有着对神灵的一点敬畏<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>双手合十,念念有词,叩拜如仪,但出了大殿,就喧哗嘻戏起来,把佛寺当了娱乐场所。这也不能全怪香客,是僧人先把寺庙做了赚钱的市场<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>门票,通票,招徕叫卖所谓<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>开光<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>佛珠等物件的小贩以收取租金<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>创收<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。相比之下,基督教堂和清真寺无一不是肃穆庄严神圣,信徒的虔诚也逼着你净化灵魂,泰国的寺庙谢绝短裤男子裙装女人进入是对神的敬畏,而我们的寺庙哪里有一点宗教圣地的样子?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">功利思想与偶像崇拜合成的是迷信而不是信仰。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">没有信仰,佛教又怎能弘扬和扶持得起来?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">五<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">最后谈<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>价值重建和扶正祛邪<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">关于道德问题,我已在《中国道德堕落的症结究竟在哪》一文述及,在此不赘。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我尊重世界三大宗教及其教徒的信仰,我还认同它们的一些具有普世价值观的教义,因此我也承认弘扬扶持佛教对<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>价值重建和扶正祛邪<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>有着积极意义。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">但我反对佛教对所有身外事,包括社会不公贫富不均贪污腐败等不合理现象漠然置之,采取自欺欺人的视而不见乃至<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>跳出三界外,不在六道中<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的逃避态度。倘若<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>借助<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>宗教的这种<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>力量<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>来构建社会的和谐,那就同鼓吹孔子的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>安贫乐道<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>一样,是让人们<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>穷并沉默和快乐着<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,那可就真是拿<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>儒<SPAN lang=EN-US>”“</SPAN>释<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>作了麻醉人民的精神鸦片,也是对<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>放之四海而皆准<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>战无不胜<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的系列革命理论的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>大不敬<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">时下,不知多少有识之士因社会的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>缺德<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>而痛心疾首并大声疾呼道德的重建,但我绝不赞同<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>孤立<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>泛泛<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>地谈论道德及其重建。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">因为存在决定意识,道德是因<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>皮<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>而生之<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>毛<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,而社会的政治制度、经济基础和统治阶级的意志和表率则是起决定作用的主要因素。所以,抛开这些孤立地谈道德是舍本逐末,脱离这些孤立地谈道德重建更是缘木求鱼<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>治标不治本<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">还有,中国的传统道德有两大特点:一是不以人为本,而是摧残人性,就是鲁迅说的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>吃人<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,历代帝王所旌表的忠臣孝子烈女无不如此;二是虚伪,统治阶级只是用它来愚弄人民,他们自己非但并不践行,相反却肆意践踏,毫无政治道德和诚信可言,这才是导致社会道德败坏的根本原因。所以,泛泛谈论道德,只是单方面地对着<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>治于人<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的百姓说教,不对施政<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>治人<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的统治集团进行约束,是顾此失彼的抓小放大。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">另外,说<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>中国社会也显示出价值观混沌和缺乏主导性精神力量的现象<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,并不准确。从张思德到白求恩到雷锋再到今天的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>红色经典<SPAN lang=EN-US>”“</SPAN>党的风采<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,从<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>为人民服务<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>五讲四美三热爱<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>再到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>八荣八耻<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,一条<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>高尚、纯粹、有道德、脱离了低级趣味、有益于人民<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的道德红线贯穿了革命和建设两大阶段的始终。但人们的价值观之所以从<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>为人民服务<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>一下子堕落到<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>为人民币奋斗<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,则是因为毛泽东时代<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>为人民服务<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的蔚然成风,乃是执政者的大力倡导,还有干部的率先垂范,得以成为社会的主流价值观,才使得<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>人之初,性本善<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>发扬光大到推及他人。但它有两个弱点:靠了<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>阶级斗争一抓就灵<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的政治环境做支撑,但没有<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>仓廪足<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的经济做基础。因此,一旦外界压力撤销,社会唯经济是求,并且以<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>唯富为荣<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>为价值取向,就必然导致人们<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>一切向钱看<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,而官员的以权谋私贪渎腐败地从<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>两袖清风<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>变为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>百万富翁<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>,更是严重败坏了社会风气<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>奶酪,还有吴妈,别人动得,我怎么动不得?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">道德的形成,当然要靠自身的追求和修养,也需要环境的影响和促进。但仅仅靠这<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>软<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的一手还不够,还需要不可或缺的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>硬<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的一手,这就是制度的约束,舆论对不道德行为的谴责以及法律的惩罚,因为这样才能强迫人们自律,不能也不敢为非作歹,这才是扶正祛邪的不二法门。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这样说来,用弘扬扶持佛教来呼唤道德,心是好心,也不失为一种办法,但靠它,并不能拯救国人的灵魂。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中国选举与治理网</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首发</SPAN></B></P>

[ 本帖最后由 曹志 于 2008-1-18 11:16 编辑 ]

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