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出埃及記第卅一章

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发表于 2020-6-13 14:15:02 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 9.0pt 27.0pt 45.0pt 63.0pt" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體">出埃及記第卅一章<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">{\Section:TopicID=235}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三十一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">11.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 神的匠人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">  這兩位巧匠的名字留存至今,是傳統得到保存的極佳案例。「比撒列」和「亞何利亞伯」和一章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">15</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節所載希伯來人收生婆的名字一樣,形式都很古老,也沒有包含耶和華這新名為名字的一部分。這兩個名字似乎沒理由偽作,因為兩者都沒在別處出現(出三十五的平行經文除外);所以它的真實性不值得懷疑。即使是戴維斯等不認為本段經文來自摩西的學者,也覺得有必要將他們鑑定為所羅門聖殿以前,製造大衛時代會幕的匠人(代上十五</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。所羅門聖殿的巧匠另有其人,傳統亦保存了他的名字(王上七</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">13</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我已經提他的名召他</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,表示為某個目的而作的特殊揀選,然而神所揀選的人卻不一定知道蒙揀選的事實(賽四十五</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">比撒列</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的意思大概是「在伊勒的蔭下」(參詩九十一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),「伊勒」(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">El</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)是摩西蒙神啟示之前,以色列對神的常用稱號之一。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">猶大支派</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。德萊維指出他和他祖先的名字(戶珥、烏利、比撒列)都在歷代志上二章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節猶大支派迦勒家族的族譜中出現(同名當然不一定同人)。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亞何利亞伯</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">6</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節)似乎是比撒列的助手,起碼在經文中他的地位較不顯著,這也是古代的西閃族語的名字。德萊維從其他語言的文獻中引述了好幾個平行的例子。這名字的含義必然是「我的帳幕(避難所)是父神」(神將人藏於帳幕的概念,可見於詩二十七</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。海厄特認為這名特別貼切,因為亞何利亞伯是神帳幕的匠人。在舊約其他地方,類似的人名「阿何利巴瑪」是個希未女子的名字(創三十六</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),以西結則象徵式地將猶大和以色列分別稱為「阿荷利巴」、「阿荷拉」(結二十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我也以我的靈充滿了他</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。舊約時代初期所有的技巧、能力、和傑出之處,都直截了當地歸功於「神的靈」,正確地視神為一切智慧的根源。舊約進一步的啟示顯明這靈為「聖」,在不否定以上真理的前提下,逐漸指出祂有道德和屬靈上的屬性。海厄特正確地將舊約中的聖靈稱為「神發出的能力」。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">{\Section:TopicID=236}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三十一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 安息日的記號</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">  這個酷似利未記的段落,強調了安息日的重要性和時間(第七日,即星期六)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">13.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">你們務要守我的安息日,因為這是……證據</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。有關</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安息日</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的討論,請參看十六</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">23<SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; mso-hide: all">{\LinkToBook:TopicID=183,Name= </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十六</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">1</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">36.</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 天上來的糧食</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,二十</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">8<SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; mso-hide: all">{\LinkToBook:TopicID=192,Name= </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">B 十言(二十</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">1</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">17</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,二十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">12<SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; mso-hide: all">{\LinkToBook:TopicID=204,Name= </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">10</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">19.</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 禮儀的條例<SPAN lang=EN-US>\cs16</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的註釋。本節又為安息日多加了一重意義:它是神和以色列之間的</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">證據</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(和無酵餅一樣;出十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">9</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),提醒他們和神之間有獨特的關係。對以色列來說,割禮是神和祖宗亞伯拉罕「立約的證據」(創十七</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">11</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。安息日和割禮一樣,其他閃族地區似乎也有奉行(起碼被視為不宜買賣的「凶日」);然而照我們所知,只有在以色列才有獨特的宗教意義。將安息日命令加插於此的目的,可能是提醒他們,即使在建築會幕之時,守安息日依然是不可或缺的(海厄特)。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

< class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">14.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">必要把他治死</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。命令以絕對式沙漠法律的姿態出現。根據民數記十五章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">32</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">36</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節的記載,曠野流浪時,曾有一名以色列人為此處死。約翰福音五章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">16</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節亦提到基督幾乎因這罪名被殺。至於被擄之前對安息日的奉行,我們所知不多(請參王下十一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;賽一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">13</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。後世猶太人追溯被擄的原因,相信不守安息日是因素之一(尼十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">17</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),因此,尼希米歸回後嚴厲執行(尼十三</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">19</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">22</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。以色列人住在不守安息日的「外邦人」中間之時,這日無疑也和飲食的律法與割禮一樣,有了作為識別記號的功用。到了馬加比時代,安息日是信仰是否正統的試金石,有人甚至因此殉道(《馬加比一書》二</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">29</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">38</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。在新約時期更成了難以擔當的擔子(可二</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">23</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">27</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。基督堅持出乎愛心和憐憫的行為,以及非做不可的事,安息日都可以作,摩西律法並不禁止。祂更(與當時正統神學相舛)指出安息日是為人而設,人不是為守安息日而造(可二</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">27</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),又宣稱人子是安息日的主。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">17.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第七日便安息舒暢</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。本節和二十章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">11</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節一樣,都以神的「安息」為守安息日的理由。這是基督徒理解箇中原則的關鍵。信徒憑信心休止「工作」(工作可了解為試圖賺取救恩),進到屬靈安息和內心的平安之中,這種平安只有自知已經蒙神悅納稱義之人才能享用(來四</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。基督徒的「主日」(啟一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)和安息日並沒有直接關聯。主日是七日的第一日(林前十六</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),是光和創造以及聖靈降臨之日,也是每週記念基督復活,祂子民特此聚集敬拜的日子(徒二十</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">7</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。如今信徒一切的時間都已屬神,並不限於七日之中的一日。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">兩塊法版</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,最好譯作「兩塊作見證的版」。本節結束整個部分。這兩塊石版並非以上整套禮儀律法和指示的記載,也不是之前的約書。我們頂多只能一如上述,將之視作可能經過簡略的「十言」(參二十四</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">註釋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">{\LinkToBook:TopicID=208,Name= </SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二十四</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">12</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">18.</SPAN><SPAN style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 石版</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="DISPLAY: none; COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hide: all">}</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">神用指頭寫的</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。出埃及記八章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">19</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節用同樣的喻象形容埃及的災難,路加福音十一章</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">節則用以形容基督的事工(以上兩段經文原文直譯都是「神的指頭」,和合本分別譯作「神的手段」、「神的能力」)。這句話有力地肯定了神是來源和始因,我們不必拘泥字面的意思。──《丁道爾聖經註釋》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 9.0pt 27.0pt 45.0pt 63.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 新細明體"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>

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